![]() During the search, Officers discovered a large quantity of suboxone strips without a prescription and empty glassine baggies used for drug packaging. He gave Officers consent to search his bag. During the investigation Cole had a backpack on him. Tony Cole was arrested for disorderly conduct and appearing under the influence of narcotics other than alcohol, both violations. Cole, 30, of Bath admitted that he was trying to engage in a physical altercation with a subject on Liberty St. Officers approached the male and noticed him to be under the influence of narcotics other than alcohol. Officers arrived on scene and observed the male in question behind an apartment on Colonial Lawns. The caller advised that this male was now walking towards the Colonial Lawns and was stripping down and appeared to be on some type of drug. and Colonial Lawns in the Village of Bath for a report of a male who just got into a disturbance with another male at an address on Liberty St. On around 5:15pm, Bath Police Officers were dispatched to the area of Liberty St. Galvan was processed and issued an appearance ticket to return to Bath Village Court at a later date. This caused damage to the mirror in excess of $250. Galvan operated his motorcycle on West Morris Street, and while doing so, drove up in close proximity to a pickup truck and intentionally struck the driver’s side mirror of the truck. Galvan on one count of Criminal Mischief in the third degree, a Class E Felony, stemming from a road rage incident that occurred on. On, the Bath Village Police Department arrested Cordell S. He is due back in Bath Village Court at a later date. Galvin was processed and released on appearance ticket. Galvin was taken into custody and arrested for Criminal Mischief 3rd, a class E Felony and was also issued a traffic citation. After further investigation the suspect was identified as Cordell Galvin, 21, of West Morris St. On 6/25/23 Officers with the Bath Police Department observed the motorcycle in question operating on West Washington St. The male on the motorcycle had left the scene prior to Police arrival. Upon arrival, Officers spoke with the caller who advised a male subject on a white motorcycle intentionally struck his driver side mirror causing damage exceeding $250.00. in the Village of Bath for a road rage incident. On 6/22/23 around 9:21am, Bath Police Department was dispatched to Quicklees gas station on West Morris St. The ill puppy is not pictured here due to his condition. Hill and Scofield were transported to Steuben County Jail to await CAP arraignment where they were released. The dogs were turned over to Dog Control. Pursuant to court orders issued by Bath Village Court, officers seized two dogs from the residence that were in the care of Hill and Scofield. It is alleged that Hill and Scofield failed to provide proper sustenance, in the form of veterinary care, to the puppy, while knowing that he was deathly ill, resulting in his euthanasia. ![]() On, officers responded to the residence and arrested both Hill and Scofield on an active warrant of arrest for Agriculture and Markets Law 353. The puppy was turned over to Dog Control and ultimately had to be humanely euthanized at Cornell University Hospital for Animals due to his condition. The puppy was reported to have been severely sick for several days while no medical attention was sought for the puppy. ![]() Officers located an extremely ill, approximately 5 month old puppy, inside the residence and in the care of Kathleen Hill, age 57, and Dale Scofield, age 45. On, officers with the Village of Bath Police Department responded to 18 W Steuben Street with the Bath Dog Control Officer in regards to a report of a deathly ill puppy. The Village of Bath Police Department will be participating in the state wide STOP-DWI July 4 th “High Visibility Engagement Campaign.” The state wide STOP-DWI July 4 th “High Visibility Engagement Campaign” will start on July 1 st, 2023 and will end on July 5 th, 2023. There are several subjects with pending charges in relation to failing to complete court ordered community service. Zachariah Cole, age 31, Colonial Lawns, Bath.Kurtiss Farrell, age 32, Homeless, Bath.James Hillegus, age 25, Colonial Lawns, Bath.Abdul Franklin, age 33, E William St, Bath.Kimberly Jerrells, age 45, Purdy St, Bath.Michael Mccanna, age 36, homeless, Bath. ![]() ![]() Brian Robbins, age 36, Roosevelt Ave, Bath.Each subject was issued an appearance ticket returnable to Bath Village Court at a later date. These charges stem from their failure to complete court ordered community service as ordered by Bath Village Court. In the last two weeks, the Village of Bath Police Department has arrested the following people on pending charges of Criminal Contempt in the second degree. ![]()
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![]() Based on the bluewater-tested Predator 132 PDL, the BigWater rides on a quick and responsive hull designed to roll over waves and cut through current. Old Town designed the Sportsman BigWater 132 PDL to meet the unique needs of offshore anglers. Whether fishing the ocean, bay, gulf, or a big lake, offshore anglers demand the most out of their boat. ![]() Miles from safety, surrounded by open water and chasing the meanest fish, there’s no room to take chances. Offshore kayak anglers are uncompromising. Old Town BigWater 132 PDL The Old Town BigWater 132 PDL is made for offshore anglers tackling vast waters. The result is a full-size fishing kayak that can go anywhere.Ģ. In addition to the kayak, you’ll need a heavy-duty cart and trailer or pickup truck to move the boat around.Īfter 20 years of making the world’s most popular pedal drive, Hobie poured their experience into the groundbreaking MirageDrive 360, and they put the unit into their top-of-the-line boat. The biggest limitation is storage and transportation. The system comes in handy moving into tight fishing spots, but it is also invaluable when holding the kayak in current and wind. Weave through rocks and around deadfalls. Pull into a boat dock and turn around to leave. If the driver accidentally pedals over an underwater obstruction, the fins fold flat to the hull and then bounce back once free of the tree limb or rock below.Īfter a few minutes of getting the hang of the controls, the driver can maneuver the boat backward, forward, side to side, and diagonally. To toughen up the drive, they added kick-up fins. But to maneuver around the docks, rocks, logs, and other obstructions, switch to the 360 control.Īfter cooking up the initial concept for the 360 Drive, Hobie invested hundreds of miles on the prototypes until they dialed in a system that is as reliable as it is maneuverable. The boat still comes with a large, powerful rudder to maintain course when going from point A to B. This allows the kayak to go forward, reverse, sideways, and even turn in its own length. Turn a control dial near the seat, and the fins spin 360 degrees below the boat. It works on a series of cables and gears hidden inside the hull. The icing on the cake is Hobie’s prized MirageDrive 360. The H-Rail is also a convenient grab handle to carry the big boat. The hexagonal bars provide a solid base to mount various Hobie accessories like a rod holder, tackle tray, and ball-mount base. Our favorite feature is the H-Rail bars running down each gunnel. The seat is exceptionally comfortable with padded mesh that dries quickly and adjustable lumbar support. It is the Cadillac of Hobie’s fleet, with the most popular features like dual rudder control, livewell-ready cargo area, below-deck tackle storage, and acres of padded deck space. The Hobie Pro Angler is well respected on the open ocean, in the backwater, and on long-distance expeditions. Currently, the MirageDrive 360 is only available in Hobie’s flagship ProAngler 12 and 14 models. Last year, Hobie engineers burned the midnight oil to come up with the Hobie MirageDrive 360, a finned pedal system that can spin 360 degrees allowing the boat to move in any direction. The only downside is the operator has to reach down and shift the drive into reverse, pulling a cord that spins the flippers 180 degrees. Five years ago, the engineers solved that problem with the MirageDrive 180, still the standard on most models. The only downfall, the fins will not go into reverse, limiting a Hobie’s maneuverability. And the engineers at Hobie say the larger surface area of the flexible fins produces more power with less energy. ![]() Fans of the MirageDrive say the forward back motion is less strenuous than turning a pedal crank. Choosing to use oscillating fins instead of a traditional propeller allowed pedalers to go farther and faster. Hobie started it all with the MirageDrive pedal system. Hobie Mirage Drive PA 12 with 360 The Hobie Pro Angler is built for serious fishermen looking to take the next step in kayak fishing. Before heading to the outfitter or clicking the “Buy Now” button, take a look at our picks for the top 9 best pedal kayaks for fishing. Today, pedal-powered kayaks are so popular there are a wide variety of sizes, styles, and models to test drive. Since the first pedal boat emerged, fishing kayaks have grown shorter and wider for increased stability, maneuverability, and fishability. The first pedal-powered boat marked the sport’s transformation from kayakers going fishing to anglers in kayaks. ![]() Some people say the evolution of kayak fishing started in 2001 with the Hobie Mirage Outback. We may earn revenue from the products available on this page and participate in affiliate programs. ![]() ![]() ![]() Navigate to the folder that contains the file you want to play and click Open. ![]() The media files you save from web pages may not play in your normal media player.
![]() We'll also need a copy of your ID-card or passport by email, scan, fax or mail. Please provide your birth date when ordering. This method helped expedite the illumination process particularly if one. We do not sell this product to customers under the age of 18. All books during the Medieval times were written by hand and typically included. We recommend you to maintain the blade on a regular basis, for example using Ballistol Universal Oil, which is ideally suited for steel care. The steel used here is not rust-proof and might show slight surface tarnishing in places. Specs may slightly vary from piece to piece. Material: high carbon steel blade (not stainless), leather-wrapped grip Learn the ancient and noble art of fighting with the long- or hand-and-a-half sword according to the teachings of the medieval fencing master Johannes. Given the huge variety of styles and types of these hand-held weapons, we find it best to group them according to what they are called. Besides its quality as a collectible, it is also perfectly suited as a prop, e.g. Medieval blades continue to fascinate and find an audience in a new generation of gamers, cosplayers, artists, and collectors. It is designed as a collector's or decoration/display piece and is not suited for combat reenactment. centred around European weapons between c.1350-1520. Please note that this sword is not a battle ready weapon. This is a group for History enthusiast, armourers, collectors, etc. The one-handed swords of the Early and High Middle Ages like the Ulfberth, the Viking Age swords, or the knightly arming sword that were best used for cutting and chopping were at the lower end of that range while the two-handed swords of the Late Middle Ages that were ideal. The weight of the sword and its balance allow you to strike fast, which is especially important in single battles, where the hit’s speed plays no less a role than its. Most medieval swords weighed between 1,7 and 3,5 pounds (0,8-1,6 kg). Single-handed swords were also used on horseback, for instance when the mounted warrior's polearm had been broken or lost in the fray or was too unwieldy for close quarters situations. The One-handed sword type B the long, light, well-balanced one-handed sword is the main weapon for a 1vs1 tournament, which you cannot do without. While wielding a sword with both hands can result in more powerful strikes, there are certain advantages in using a single-handed weapon. But the introduction of plate armour led to the development of more tapered, sharply pointed blades favouring the thrust. A wooden sword, or waster, allowed a warrior to practice full combat safely and economically while preserving his. Until about the mid-14th century, it usually featured a broader blade with sharper edges and was primarily devised as a cutting weapon capable of dealing with light chainmail protection. This one handed Medieval practise sword is the perfect companion for medieval combat training in a completely safe manner. The one-handed sword was the close combat weapon of choice of the medieval knight and could be used for cutting or thrusting depending on its design. Numerous historical illustrations of medieval knights wielding a one-hander and a shield or buckler, for example miniatures from the Codex Manesse or the Sachsenspiegel, demonstrate how fitting this designation is. The high and late medieval one-handed sword with straight blade is also commonly referred to as a knightly sword. One handed swords are typically lighter than their two-handed counterparts, able to strike and return to guard quickly. While the high medieval arming sword had a longer guard than its early medieval precursor, the blade was somewhat narrower and more tapered at the tip. While wielding a sword with both hands can result in more powerful strikes, there are certain advantages in using a single-handed weapon. ![]() It evolved from the Viking sword, which itself had gradually developed from the spatha. Catherine with sword and open book 198v: St. The one-handed arming sword emerged onto the scene around the 10th century and enjoyed great popularity with the members of the fighting nobility in the High and Late Middle Ages. 237 leaves (first blank), plus 2 vellum flyleaves (1 column, 17 lines). The symbol of the cross is repeated on the flared quillons which are adorned with cruciform cut-outs. The horizontal guard gives the medieval single-handed sword its characteristic cross shape. A valuable treasure trove for everyone interested in historical swordsmanship, by respected martial artists Hans Heim and Alex Kiermayer.This handsome sword sports a full tang, double screwed high carbon steel blade and a grip with sewn leather wrapping. a bellows attached to the back of the instrument, so that while one hand. Learn the ancient and noble art of fighting with the long- or "hand-and-a-half" sword according to the teachings of the medieval fencing master Johannes Liechtenauer! Reconstructed from 14th - 16th c manuscripts and illuminations, the highly effective fighting techniques and principles of this elegant and deadly martial art are now available for everyone. a single manual with less than two octaves range. ![]() ![]() Global environments are available to all projects on the computer. If the environment is located in a protected area of the file system (within c:\program files, for example), then installing packages requires administrator privileges. Installing a package into a global environment makes it available to all projects using that environment. See Install Python interpreters)Įach environment is composed of the specific Python interpreter, its standard library, a set of pre-installed packages, and any other packages you install while that environment is activated. For example, Python 2.7, Python 3.6, Python 3.7, Anaconda 4.4.0, and so on. Global environmentsĮach Python installation maintains its own global environment. Visual Studio can work with global, virtual, and conda environments. See the next section, Manually identify an existing environment. If you know you have a Python interpreter on your computer but Visual Studio (any version) didn't detect it, then use the + Custom command to specify its location manually. Similarly, you might have installed Visual Studio 2015 or earlier but didn't install an interpreter manually (see Install Python interpreters). For example, you might have installed Visual Studio 2017 or later but cleared all the interpreter options in the installer options for the Python workload. If no environments appear, it means Visual Studio failed to detect any Python installations in standard locations. See Environments window tab reference for details about the database.)Īlthough Visual Studio respects the system-site-packages option, it doesn't provide a way to change it from within Visual Studio. (In Visual Studio 2017 15.5 and earlier, another control appears that refreshes the IntelliSense database for that environment. To the right of each listed environment, is a control that opens an Interactive window for that environment. For more information, see Select an environment for a project. Within the context of a project, you can always select a specific environment. To use a different environment with new projects, use the Make this the default environment for new projects command. The default environment, shown in boldface in the list, is the one that Visual Studio uses for any new projects. ![]() ![]() Selecting an environment doesn't change its relation to any projects. These tabs are also described in the Python Environments window tab reference. Use the drop-down list below the list of environments to switch to different tabs such as Packages, and IntelliSense. For more information, see Python Environments window tab reference 2022- Overview. The four commands at the bottom of the Overview tab each open a command prompt with the interpreter running. Install Python support in Visual Studioįor example, you can see in the image above that the interpreter's location is C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Python310.If you're new to Python in Visual Studio, the following articles also provide from general background: In general, if you download and run an installer for a mainline Python distribution, Visual Studio detects that new installation and the environment appears in the Python Environments window and can be selected for projects. ![]() To install another Python interpreter, see Install Python interpreters. If you want to install packages in an environment, refer to the Packages tab reference. Other aspects of environments are found in the following articles:įor any given project, you can select a specific environment rather than use the default.įor details on creating and using virtual environments for Python projects, see Use virtual environments. In Visual Studio on Windows, you use the Python Environments window, as described in this article, to manage environments and select one as the default for new projects. These components together determine valid language constructs and syntax, operating-system functionality that you can access, and packages you can use. An environment consists of an interpreter, a library (typically the Python Standard Library), and a set of installed packages. Applies to: Visual Studio Visual Studio for Mac Visual Studio CodeĪ Python environment is a context in which you run Python code and includes global, virtual, and conda environments. ![]() ![]() ![]() CCTV has acquired all three seasons of “Gigantosaurus” as well as “Taffy,” a co-production with Turner, France Télévisions and now Gulli. Set in an ecological Frisco City of the future, it will use real-time technology.Ī Productions’ previous studio work includes “JoJo and Gran Gran” for CBeebies and “The Monster at the End of This Story” – Sesame Street’s first ever animated special for Sesame Workshop.Ĭhina is a key market for CGS’s strategy. In 2022, the studio inked a joint venture with A Productions (“Love Monster”), based in Bristol, U.K., whose managing directors are Katherine McQueen and Mark Taylor, which is now producing “Digital Girl,” an animated series, created by Sissmann, commissioned by BBC and pre-sold to Super RTL in Germany and Discovery Kids across Latin America. “Our aim is to make our studio in Plaine Images the biggest platform in France for real time animation and 2D and 3D animation,” says Mathieu.Ĭyber Group Studios is also developing a new series with Graphilm, “The McFire Family,” for French kids’ channel Gulli (part of M6 Group), which will be a coproduction with Italy. “It gives us access to local talent and makes us more efficient in the region and more appealing to global viewers.”ĬGS previously used real-time animation on “Giganto Club,” an original series inspired by its “Gigantosaurus” franchise. In order to get into a territory, it makes more sense if you have a local subsidiary or partner.”ĬGS and Scrawl previously worked on two CGI animated series, “Zou” and “Mademoiselle Zazie.” “Our partnership with Scrawl is extremely important for us since it gives us much better access to the Asian market,” says Mathieu. “Over the last couple of years, due to the pandemic and other factors, the world is becoming more regionalized. “Working internationally has been in our DNA ever since we began our studio in 2005,” explains Raphaelle Mathieu, executive vice president. In early 2022, the studio acquired a majority stake in Rome-based Graphilm Entertainment, run by CEO and creative director Maurizio Forestieri, and exec producer Anna Lucia Pisanelli, and Singapore-based Scrawl Animation, run by director Choon Meng Seng and Chi Kong Wong, the chief operations officer. It has an office in Burbank, California, U.S., run by Karen K. ![]() 'Pacifiction' Director Albert Serra Tees Up Bullfighter Doc 'Afternoons of Solitude,' Plans English-Language Debut (EXCLUSIVE)Įarlier this month, Cyber Group Studios moved into new headquarters in Paris, complemented by its real-time animation studio Roubaix, Haut de France. 'The Crime Is Mine' Star Nadia Tereszkiewicz Continues Breakout Year, Shares New Details About Robin Campillo, Stephanie Di Giusto Projects (EXCLUSIVE)ĬLPB Rights Banks Sales on 'Magellan's Extraordinary Odyssey,' 'The Devil's Leap,' Previews Space Doc 'Beyond the Far Side' (EXCLUSIVE) ![]() Recent hits from the company, run by chairman and CEO Pierre Sissmann and COO Dominique Bourse, include Season 3 of “Gigantosaurus” and “Droners.” Cyber Group Studios, one of France’s leading animation producers and distributors, is developing the series “Alex Player” and “Digital Girl” with its new partners in the U.K., Italy and Singapore. ![]() ![]() “If you want to predict where you’ll end up in life, all you have to do is follow the curve of tiny gains or tiny losses, and see how your daily choices will compound ten or twenty years down the line.” I thought that that was a particularly powerful quote. Tiny atomic habits are anchored on small changes that lead to great results over time (that is how the book got its name “Atomic Habits”). Small changes make a big difference over time. If you improve by 1% every day for one year, then at the end of the year you will be 37% better. Rather, make tiny changes to your behavior, which, when repeated over and over, will become habits that may lead to big results. You don’t need to make major changes to your life all at once to have a big impact. So if you find that your behaviors and habits don’t seem to be paying off, try to focus on your progress rather than your current results. If you want to make a positive change in your life, you have to understand that change requires patience, as well as confidence that your habits are helping you progress in the right direction even if you don’t see immediate results. The most powerful outcomes of any compounding process are delayed. “Small changes often appear to make no difference until you cross a critical threshold. You might not even notice that change is taking place but over time you will see a difference. However, these small changes, if repeated every day, can cause major changes in our lives. We don’t notice tiny changes, because their immediate impact is negligible. Small habits can have a huge impact on your life ![]() Unfortunately, not all habits are good for us, but the process is the same for both good and bad habits. Your response is to drag yourself out of bed and make a cup of coffee. That is the basis of habit formation.Įvery habit is subject to the same process.ĭo you habitually drink coffee every morning? Waking up is your cue, triggering a craving to feel alert. If you follow this cycle often enough it starts happening without thinking about it. This tells your brain, the next time this cue happens do the same thing to get the same reward. If the reward satisfied you then a positive feedback loop is formed. In this example, being able to see your surroundings. The final step in the process, and the end goal of every habit, is the reward. ![]() In our example, flicking the light switch. Next comes a craving for a change in state. For example, walking into a dark room, cues you to perform an action that will enable you to be able to see. Habits begin with a cue, or a trigger to act. ![]() Once we do behaviors that give satisfying consequences often enough they become automatic. Our brain figures out how to respond to new situations through a process of trial and error. ![]() In James Clear’s words: “A habit is a behavior that has been repeated enough times to become automatic.” How are habits formed? When we repeat a behavior many times it becomes a habit and happens automatically. Habits are automated behaviors that we’ve learned from experience. We also offer a free Atomic Habits workbook PDF below with additional resources that will help you develop or change your habits. This is a summary of the Atomic Habits book which is based on the idea that small changes can cause remarkable results. ![]() ![]() Even after reformatting your device, or switching to a new one, just transfer the apps on your new device quickly. ![]() Now that you have these apps in AnyTrans, you can transfer them all to another device without downloading them again. ![]() This program has many advantages, not only transferring any content from your device on the computer or transferring contents from one device to another device even if it is Android, but it has so powerful features that you can transfer all the contents of iCloud to your computer with the click of a button. AnyTransThis program is indispensable for all iPhone users because of the tools it offers that make it easier for you, but today we will only explain the feature of transferring applications. It's a problem! When you do a reformatting of the iPhone device, you must download all the applications from the Apple Store again, which consumes time and consumes the Internet, especially if you have more than 850 applications like me, and when you switch your device to another device the same story, and if you have more than one device such as Your family's devices and you want to have these applications have the same problem, and in every device you remove all these applications from the Internet, and sometimes this task requires more than a day if your internet is slow, and the only practical solution is the program that is indispensable. ![]() ![]() Stir until just melted and set aside until cooled to room temperature. Place the second layer on top, rounded side up, and spread the frosting evenly on the top and sides of the cake.Ĭhop the chocolate and place it in a heat-proof bowl set over a pan of simmering water. With a knife or offset spatula, spread the top with frosting. Place 1 layer, flat side up, on a flat plate or cake pedestal. Cool in the pans for 30 minutes, then turn them out onto a cooling rack and cool completely. Pour the batter into the prepared pans and bake for 35 to 40 minutes, until a cake tester comes out clean. With mixer still on low, add the coffee and stir just to combine, scraping the bottom of the bowl with a rubber spatula. With the mixer on low speed, slowly add the wet ingredients to the dry. ![]() In another bowl, combine the buttermilk, oil, eggs, and vanilla. Sift the flour, sugar, cocoa, baking soda, baking powder, and salt into the bowl of an electric mixer fitted with a paddle attachment and mix on low speed until combined. Line with parchment paper, then butter and flour the pans. Butter two 8-inch x 2-inch round cake pans. This recipe is from Barefoot Contessa at Home by Ina Garten, Clarkson Potter/Publishers.Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. Don’t whip! Spread immediately on the cooled cake. On low speed, add the chocolate and coffee to the butter mixture and mix until blended. Dissolve the coffee in 2 teaspoons of the hottest tap water.Turn the mixer to low, gradually add the confectioners’ sugar, then beat at medium speed, scraping down the bowl as necessary, until smooth and creamy. Add the egg yolk and vanilla and continue beating for three minutes. Beat the butter in the bowl of an electric mixer fitted with the paddle attachment on medium-high speed until light yellow and fluffy, about three minutes.Chop the chocolate and place it in a heatproof bowl over a pan over simmering water.Cut in wedges and serve at room temperature.ĬHOCOLATE BUTTERCREAM FROSTING Ingredients:Ħ ounces semisweet chocolate, such as ValrhonaĢ sticks unsalted butter, at room temperatureġ extra-large egg yolk, at room temperatureġ tablespoon instant coffee granules, such as Nescafe Instructions: ![]() Place the second layer on top, flat side up, and spread the frosting evenly first on the sides and then on the top of the cake. With a knife or offset spatula, spread a thin layer of buttercream on the top only.
![]() When used as a drug, blood concentrations of Li + must be carefully monitored. ![]() ![]() Humans aside, lithium appears to be an essential trace element for goats, and possibly rats. In humans lithium compounds apparently play no natural biological role, and are considered to be slightly toxic. Lithium should be stored in a non-reactive compound such as naphtha or a hydrocarbon. The metal itself is usually less a handling hazard than the caustic hydroxide produced when it is in contact with moisture. Lithium metal is a corrosive and requires special handling to avoid skin contact. Lithium fires are difficult to extinguish, requiring special chemicals designed to smother them. The lithium-water reaction at normal temperatures is brisk but not violent. Lithium metal is flammable and potentially explosive when exposed to air and especially water, though it is far less dangerous than other alkali metals in this regard. K), and a great temperature range in its liquid form, which makes it a useful chemical.Lithium has a high specific heat capacity, 3582 J/(kg It is the only metal that reacts with nitrogen at room temperature. Lithium will ignite and burn when exposed to water and water vapors in oxygen. When placed over a flame, lithium gives off a striking crimson colour, but when it burns strongly, the flame becomes a brilliant white. The metal floats highly in hydrocarbons due to its low density, and jars of lithium in the laboratory are typically composed of black-coated sticks held down in hydrocarbon mechanically by the lid of the jar and other sticks. Lithium has only about half the specific gravity of water, giving solid metal lithium sticks the odd heft of a very light wood, such as balsa. The fresh metal is silver in colour, rapidly tarnishing black in air. Lithium is soft enough to be cut with a knife, though this is significantly more difficult to do than cutting sodium. Nevertheless, it is less reactive than the chemically similar sodium. Because of this, lithium reacts easily with water and does not occur as the free element on Earth. Like all alkali metals, it has a single valence electron, and will readily lose this electron to become a positive ion. ![]() Though in group 1, lithium also exhibits properties of the alkaline-Earth metals in group 2. Lithium compounds are used pharmacologically as a class of mood stabilizing drugs, a neurological effect of the lithium ion Li +. ![]() Lithium metal is used primarily in heat-transfer applications, batteries (mainly cell phone and camera batteries), household appliances such as toasters and microwaves, and in high performance alloys such as those used for aircraft construction. It tarnishes and oxidizes very rapidly in air and water. It therefore has to be stored under the cover of oil to stop this oxidation reaction from occurring. Lithium reacts with oxygen from the air to form black lithium oxide (Li 2O). Lithium in its pure form does not occur naturally on Earth. It is in group 1 of the periodic table, among the alkali metals and is the lightest solid element. Lithium is one of only four elements theorized to have been created in the first three minutes of the universe through a process called Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Lithium ( IPA: /ˈlɪθiəm/, from Greek: lithos: stone, because it was discovered in petalite) is a chemical element with the symbol Li and atomic number 3. ![]() |
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